Cramp in the calf muscles is an involuntary contraction of the muscle which is not only very painful but may also cause muscle damage.
Cramp in the calf muscles symptoms
Cramps is a painful, involuntary contraction of the muscle.
Symptoms include:
- Muscles go into spasms and tighten up automatically
- It can be particularly painful and often comes on at the end of a hard training session
What causes cramps?
Although the exact cause of leg cramps has not yet been successfully determined there are thought to be a number of possible causes including:
Dehydration
Dehydration is caused by not taking on enough water, especially in hot conditions. Low water means low blood volume which in turn affects the muscles.
Salt levels
Low potassium or sodium (salt) levels. When we sweat we lose salts which need to be replaced.
Carbohydrate
Low carbohydrate levels. Carbohydrate is the main energy source for our muscles. If we run low this can have an effect on the muscles.
Tight calf muscles
Very tight calf muscles. Tight muscles have contracted and squeezed the blood out of them. The muscle then has restricted blood and nutrients which will affect how well it can work.
Severe cramps & Complications
A bout of severe leg cramps may cause damage to the muscle. Fibres of the muscle are torn due to the shear force of the involuntary contraction causing a calf strain.
If this happens your muscle will be painful for some time afterwards. It is important you follow a full Calf strain rehabilitation program with sports massage treatment undertaken to restore the muscle to its original condition.
Treatment for cramp in the calf muscles
If you suffer a bout of cramps then there are things you can do both immediately to relieve pain, and later on after it has passed.
Stretching
If you are suffering from a bout of calf muscle cramps, stretch the muscles.
Massage
Gentle massage of your calf muscles may help relieve the symptoms by encouraging blood flow and helping to stretch the muscle.
