Femur fractures are rare but serious injuries resulting from sudden, severe trauma. If you suspect a fracture, seek immediate emergency medical attention.
Medically reviewed by Dr Chaminda Goonetilleke, 27th Jan. 2022
Signs & symptoms
Femur fractures, commonly associated with road traffic accidents, exhibit the following signs and symptoms:
- Severe thigh pain
- Leg deformity, such as angulation or shortening
- Significant swelling
In addition, it is crucial to watch for signs of injury to other structures, including:
- Immediate bruising
- Cold or pale lower leg or foot, indicating potential circulation issues
- Tingling or numbness in the lower leg or foot, suggesting nerve damage
What causes a broken femur?
Traumatic femur fractures result from high-force impact, as the femur is a strong and thick bone. Such fractures are commonly observed in road traffic accidents and falls, while they are rare in sports activities.
Who is at risk?
Elderly individuals, particularly those with osteoporosis, are more vulnerable to femur fractures. If a femur fracture occurs, it often accompanies other injuries or complications. An open fracture, where the bone pierces through the skin, carries a higher risk of infection.
Femur fracture treatment
The treatment for a femur fracture depends on the severity, location, and age of the patient. In young children, immobilizing the leg with a cast may be sufficient.
For adults and adolescents, casting is not typically recommended unless combined with traction, which is rarely used due to longer hospital stays. Surgical fixation is the most common approach.
To promote healing, large nails (intramedullary nails) or plates and screws are used to align and stabilize the fractured bones. In some cases, the metalwork may be removed after the fracture has healed.
Recovery time
Thigh bone fractures typically require 3-6 months for complete healing. A comprehensive rehabilitation program is crucial to restore full mobility, strength, and balance.
